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World of Darkness (Mandaeism)

In today's world, World of Darkness (Mandaeism) is a topic that arouses great interest and debate in different sectors of society. The impact of World of Darkness (Mandaeism) has been noted in areas such as economy, politics, culture and technology, generating endless different opinions and perspectives. Since its emergence, World of Darkness (Mandaeism) has been the subject of study and research by experts in the field, who seek to understand its implications and consequences in the short, medium and long term. This article will explore the phenomenon of World of Darkness (Mandaeism) in depth, analyzing its causes, effects and possible solutions, in order to shed light on a topic that continues to be a source of controversy and reflection today.
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For the Manichaean World of Darkness, see Manichaeism § The World of Darkness.

In Mandaeism, the World of Darkness (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡋࡌࡀ ࡖࡄࡔࡅࡊࡀ, romanized: alma ḏ-hšuka) is the underworld located below Tibil (Earth). It is ruled by its king Ur (Leviathan) and its queen Ruha, mother of the seven planets and twelve constellations.

Description

The great dark Ocean of Sup (or Suf) lies in the World of Darkness. The great dividing river of Hitpun, analogous to the river Styx in Greek mythology, separates the World of Darkness from the World of Light. Siniawis is one of the regions of the World of Darkness.

The Ginza Rabba mention the Abaddons (Classical Mandaic: ʿbdunia) as part of the World of Darkness. The Right Ginza mentions the existence of the "upper Abaddons" (ʿbdunia ʿlaiia) as well as the "lower Abaddons" (ʿbdunia titaiia).

The World of Darkness is sometimes referred to as Sheol (Classical Mandaic: šiul) in the Ginza Rabba and other Mandaean scriptures.

Inhabitants

Main article: Demons in Mandaeism

Various beings inhabit the World of Darkness.

See also

References

  1. ^ Aldihisi, Sabah (2008). The story of creation in the Mandaean holy book in the Ginza Rba (PhD). University College London.
  2. ^ Al-Saadi, Qais Mughashghash; Al-Saadi, Hamed Mughashghash (2019). "Glossary". Ginza Rabba: The Great Treasure. An equivalent translation of the Mandaean Holy Book (2 ed.). Drabsha.
  3. ^ Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515385-5. OCLC 65198443.
  4. ^ a b Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 9780958034630.
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